
Luštica Bay, Montenegro2023
The first ever pop-up village host and an open-source decentralized CommunityOS.
Zuzalu was the event that marked the birth of the pop-up village movement.
It currently runs as a global network of nodes experimenting with decentralized coordination, identity, and privacy tech.

By 2022, Vitalik Buterin had long been thinking about topics like crypto cities and network states.
In January 2023, a four-person team started scouting locations and settled on a Montenegro resort. It expanded to eight people by February and launched Zuzalu in March - a two-month pop-up city for 200 residents.
That fall, the community ran ZuConnect Istanbul - a two-week pop-up village right before DevConnect, supported by ETHGlobal and HackZuzalu.
Since then, Zuzalu has expanded into decentralized Zu-villages (ZuVillage Georgia, Zu-Garden, ZuCity Japan, ZuBerlin) focused on experimental co-living.
By 2026, Zuzalu.city is a decentralized open-source operating system that connects users to Ethereum's ecosystem applications.
Zuzalu Pop-up, the first pop-up village ever, was hosted in Luštica Bay, Montenegro.
Currently, Zuzalu doesn’t own a physical hub, but its branch nodes host pop-up villages worldwide:
Zuzalu Pop-up ran for 2 months, from March to May 2023.
Zu’s decentralized communities organize pop-up cities that last 10 days up to 2 months:
1/9/2024 - 10/9/2024
15/4/2025 - 5/5/2025
25/3/2023 - 25/5/2023
Food was estimated at an extra $50/day.
Payments were made via crypto. Students and others needing financial support could apply for a subsidy.
Zuzalu Montenegro was invitation-based. Core organizers invited ~15 residents each, and each resident could invite 2 guests. Some participants were selected via application.
Accommodation was not included.
Zuzalu focused on three core themes:
Programming included talks, workshops, hackathons, and unconferences led by participants.
One thing the organizers got really right was breakfast - for four hours every day, you knew you could go to the same spot and run into other Zuzalans generally open to sharing their tables.
But to me, Zuzalu felt very much like the early days of Ethereum: raw and undefined - yet full of optimism and excitement about the future.
Zuzalu was the first popup network state. It was a prototype, but already an incredible success. Finally, we are reopening the frontier.
Zuzalu is decentralized - there's no single "Zuzalu" event anymore. Instead, independent organizers run Zu-villages worldwide using shared tools and ethos.
To create a world where every community can innovate their civilization with the tools they need.
Zuzalu has evolved from a single pop-up event into a decentralized network of independent Zu-villages worldwide. Zuzalu.city provides open-source tools (Zupass, Legacy Registry) to support those nodes.
Vitalik Buterin initiated and primarily funded the first Zuzalu in Montenegro (2023), with VitaDAO co-organizing the longevity programming.
Zuzalu doesn’t mean anything specific. It was made up by AI.
Longevity researchers, cryptographers, AI researchers, entrepreneurs, Network State enthusiasts, and builders primarily from the Ethereum ecosystem.
The original Zuzalu charged $100/week for access to event programming. Currently, pricing varies for each Zu-village.
The original Zuzalu format has decentralized into an ecosystem of independent Zu-villages worldwide. There's no single central "Zuzalu" event anymore.
Zupass is an open-source digital identity tool built by Zuzalu developers, enabling ZK-proof-based event ticketing and credential verification.